A close comparison
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taraanah-e hindii |
taraanah-e millii |
|
| 1h) | ... | 1m) |
saare jahaa;N se achchaa
hinduusitaa;N hamaaraa ham bulbule;N hai;N us kii vuh gulsitaa;N hamaaraa |
chiin-o-((arab hamaaraa
hinduusitaa;N hamaaraa muslim hai;N ham va:tan hai saaraa jahaa;N hamaaraa |
|
| 2h) | 2m) | |
;Gurbat me;N ho;N
agar ham rahtaa hai dil va:tan me;N samjho vuhii;N hame;N bhii dil ho jahaa;N hamaaraa |
tau;hiid kii amaanat
siino;N me;N hai hamaare aasaa;N nahii;N mi;Taanaa naam-o-nishaa;N hamaaraa |
|
| 3h) | 3m) | |
parbat vuh sab se
uu;Nchaa hamsaayah aasmaa;N kaa vuh santarii hamaaraa vuh paasbaa;N hamaaraa |
duniya ke but-kado;N
me;N pahlaa vuh ghar ;xudaa kaa ham us ke paasbaa;N hai;N vuh paasbaa;N hamaaraa |
|
| 4h) | 4m) | |
godii me;N kheltii
hai;N us kii hazaaro;N nadiyaa;N gulshan hai jin ke dam se rashk-e janaa;N hamaaraa |
te;Go;N ke saa))e
me;N ham pal kar javaa;N hu))e hai;N ;xanjar ;hilaal kaa hai qaumii nishaa;N hamaaraa |
|
| 5h) | 5m) | |
ay aab-ruud-e gangaa
vuh din hai;N yaad tujh ko utaraa tire kinaare jab kaaravaa;N hamaaraa |
ma;Grib kii vaadiyo;N
me;N guu;Njii a;zaa;N hamaarii thamtaa nah thaa kisii se sail-e ravaa;N hamaaraa |
|
| 6h) | 6m) | |
ma;zhab nahii;N sikhaataa
aapas me;N bair rakhnaa hindii hai;N ham va:tan hai hinduusitaa;N hamaaraa |
baa:til se dabne vaale
ay aasmaa;N nahii;N ham sau baar kar chukaa hai tuu imti;haa;N hamaaraa |
|
| 7h) | 7m) | |
yuunaan-o-mi.sr-o-romaa
sab mi;T ga))e jahaa;N se ab tak magar hai baaqii naam-o-nishaa;N hamaaraa |
ay gulsitaan-e andluus
vuh din hai;N yaad tujh ko thaa terii ;Daaliyo;N me;N jab aashiyaa;N hamaaraa |
|
| 8h) | 8m) | |
kuchh baat hai kih
hastii mi;Ttii nahii;N hamaarii .sadiyo;N rahaa hai dushman daur-e zamaa;N hamaaraa |
ay mauj-e dajlah tuu
bhii pahchaantii hai ham ko ab tak hai teraa daryaa afsaanah-;xvaa;N hamaaraa |
|
| 9h) | 9m) | |
iqbaal ko))ii ma;hram
apnaa nahii;N jahaa;N me;N ma((luum kyaa kisii ko dard-e nihaa;N hamaaraa |
ay ar.z-e paak terii
;harmat pah ka;T mare hai;N hai ;xuu;N tirii rago;N me;N ab tak ravaa;N hamaaraa |
|
| 10m) | ||
saalar-e kaaravaa;N
hai miir-e ;hijaaz apnaa us naam se hai baaqii aaraam-e jaa;N hamaaraa |
||
| 11m) | ||
iqbaal kaa taraanah
baa;Ng-e daraa hai goyaa hotaa hai jaadah-pemaa phir kaaravaa;N hamaaraa |
||
Iqbal has obviously composed the second of these two ghazals to resonate with the first. They are in the same meter, and they both have the same rhyme scheme (refrain hamaaraa , rhyme-syllable aa;N ).
A number of verses recycle the same rhyme-words too:
paasbaa;N from (3h) is reused in (3m)
kaaravaa;N from (5h) is reused in (11m)
naam-o-nishaa;N from (7h) is reused in (2m)But the similarities go much further.
we are nightingales in a garden in (1h), we are birds in a garden in (7m)
we have door-guards in both (3h) and (3m)
the Ganges is addressed in (5h), the Tigris in (8m)
both (5h) and (7m) address a natural presence and say vuh din hai;N yaad tujh ko
both (6h) and (1m) define for us a va:tan
both (7h)-(8h) and (2m) make it clear that we're hard to eraseAnd there are also a few striking oppositions, especially at the beginning and end. The opening-verse (1h) claims that our homeland is better than the whole world, while the opening-verse (1m) claims that our homeland is the whole world. And the closing-verse (9h) speaks of solitude and dejection, while (10m) and the closing-verse (11m) claim inclusion in a collective moving caravan led, reassuringly, by the Prophet himself.
In general, 'Tarannah-e Hindi' exultantly contrasts India with dead empires, and makes it clear that India is the beautiful center of our loyalties-- an India that has religious tolerance as a guiding moral principle. By contrast, 'Taranna-e Milli' roams the whole world: Central Asia, Arabia, the West, Andalusia, the Tigris River. It directs our attention away from any one geographical place, and refocuses it on a religious community, a millat , moving through history, through many times and places, with a special monotheistic mandate more precious than life itself.