*back to section 1b*
(we're now on page *jīm , continued*) 
MUSHAIRAH
mushāʿirah

To whom would we recite the state of the wretched heart, oh Ada?
In wandering, we strolled through the age/world

Mirza Rusva: What can be said, Bi Umrao Jan Sahibah-- you've composed this closing-verse just according to the situation! Why shouldn't you recite more verses [to go with it]?
Umrao Jan: I thank you, Mirza Sahib! I swear by your head, I only remembered that opening-verse, and this closing-verse-- the ghazal is from the Lord knows when. How much can anyone remember orally? My notebook, the wretched thing, has been lost.
Munshi Sahib: And what was that opening-verse? I didn't hear it.
Mirza Rusva: You're busy with the arrangements, how would you hear?

===========
=="I thank you": The taslīm here appears to be a word, but it's more commonly a gesture. It's performed by bowing the head and touching the fingertips of the right hand to the forehead in token of submission, humility, and gratitude. The reciter does this in a stylized way when praised-- also usually in a stylized way-- by the audience.
==The 'opening-verse' [mat̤laʿ] and 'closing-verse' [maqt̤aʿ] of a ghazal have special formal qualities that distinguish them from ordinary verses.
=="My notebook": such a 'notebook' is kept by all poetry-lovers, to record both their own verses and those of others that they want to remember.
=="the wretched thing": The epithet nigoṛī is part of traditional 'women's language' [begamātī zabān].

kis ko sunāʾeñ ḥāl-e dil-e zār ay adā
āvāragī meñ ham ne zamāne kī sair kī

mirzā rusvā :: kyā kahnā bī umrāʾo jān ṣāḥibah - yih maqt̤aʿ to āp ne ḥasb-e ḥāl kahā hai - aur shiʿr kyūñ nah paṛhe -
umrāʾo jān :: taslīm - mirzā ṣāḥib - āp ke sar kī qasam - bas vuh mat̤laʿ yād thā - aur yih maqt̤aʿ - ḳhudā jāne kis zamāne ki ġhazal hai - zabānī kahāñ tak yād rahe - bayāẓ nigoṛī gum ho gaʾī -
munshī ṣāḥib :: aur vuh mat̤laʿ kyā thā - ham ne nahīñ sunā -
mirzā rusvā :: āp to ihtamām meñ maṣrūf haiñ sune kaun ?

Beyond all doubt, for today's gathering Munshi Sahib had made very sophisticated arrangements. It was the hot season-- from the time when two hours of the day remained, the terrace had been sprinkled with water, so that by evening the floor would become cool. On it a carpet had been spread, and covered with a shining white sheet. Earthenware vessels full of water with sweet-smelling flowers in them had been lined up on the parapets. They were covered with pottery cups. An arrangement for ice had been made separately. In paper packets many betel leaves, wrapped in red cloth, scented with floral perfumes, had been placed around. On the covers bits of fragrant tobacco for smoking had been placed; in the bottom parts of half a dozen huqqas water was burbling, and the smoke formed wreaths. It was a moonlit night, so that it wasn't necessary to make much of an arrangement for light. Only a single white glass-shaded candle had been lit, for the 'round'.

===========
==Poets recited in turn, and the turns were marked by the circulation of a candle that was placed in front of the poet who was to recite.

is meñ shak nahīñ kih munshī ṣāḥib ne āj ke jalse ke liye baṛe salīqe se intiz̤ām kiyā thā - garmiyoñ ke din the - mahtābī par do ghaṛī din rahe se chhirkāv huʾā thā - tākih shām tak zamīn sard ho jāʾe - usī par darī bichhā ke ujalī chandnī kā farsh kar diyā gayā thā - kūrī kūrī ṣarāḥiyāñ pānī bhar ke kevaṛā ḍāl ke munḍer par chunvā dī gaʾī thīñ - un par bālū ke ābḳhore ḍhake huʾe the - barf kā intiz̤ām alâḥidah kiyā gayā thā - kāġhażī hanḍiyoñ meñ safed pānoñ kī sāt sāt gilauriyāñ surḳh ṣāfī meñ lipeṭ kar kevaṛe meñ basā kar rakh dī gaʾī thīñ - ḍhakanoñ par thoṛā thoṛā khāne kā ḳhvushbūdār tambākū rakh diyā thā , ḍeṛh ḳhamse ḥuqqoñ ke nīchoñ meñ pānī chhaṛak chhaṛak kar hār lipeṭ diʾe the - chāndnī rāt thī - isliye raushnī kā intiz̤ām ziyādah nahīñ karnā paṛā - ṣirf ek safed kanñval daure ke liye raushan kar diyā gayā thā -
On the stroke of eight all the companions-- Mir Sahib, Agha Sahib, Khan Sahib, Shaikh Sahib, Pandit Sahib, etc. etc.-- arrived. First a few glasses of shir-faludah were passed around, then the talk of poetry began.
Munshi Sahib: So you please make the arrangements, your humble servant would listen to the poetry.
Rusva: Please pardon me, this headache is not something I can undertake.
āṭh bajte bajte sab aḥbāb - mīr ṣāḥib - āġhā ṣāḥib - ḳhāñ ṣāḥib - shaiḳh ṣāḥib - pañḍit ṣāḥib - vaġhairah vaġhairah - tashrīf lāʾe - pahle shīr fālūdah ke ek ek pyāle kā daur chalā - phir shiʿr-o-suḳhan kā charchā hone lagā -
munshī ṣāḥib :: to phir ihtimām āp kījiye - bandah shiʿr sune -
[*dāl*] rusvā :: muʿāf farmāʾiye - yih dard-e sar mujh se nah hogā -


Munshi Sahib: All right, what was that opening-verse?
Umrao: I will present it:

having gone to the Ka'bah, I forgot the road to the temple
my faith was saved-- my master did well by me

Munshi Sahib: That was well composed.
Khan Sahib: She's composed a good opening-verse, but why this [masculine] bhul gaya?
Umrao Jan: What, Khan Sahib-- do I compose Rekhti?!
Khan Sahib: The pleasure is that of Rekhti. Mire Maula ne khair ki sounds good only from your lips.
Rusva: Enough-- your attacks have begun! Come on, let us listen to the poetry! Khan Sahib, if everyone in the world would become a critic like you, then the pleasure of poetry-recitation would betake itself hence. [In Persian:] 'Every flower has its own color and scent.'
Khan Sahib: (with brows somewhat knitted) True.

===========
==Rekhti is a kind of playful, "cute," or erotic ghazal composed in a feminine voice. For a reference to it in the text, see p. 38 of the Urdu text. Umrao takes the idea that she would compose in Rekhti as an insult to her poetic seriousness. Khan Sahib suggests that she has used a phrase from 'women's language'.

munshī ṣāḥib :: achchhā , to vuh mat̤laʿ kyā thā -
umrāʾo :: maiñ ʿarẓ kiye detī hūñ -

kāʿbe meñ jā ke bhūl gayā rāh dair kī
īmān bach gayā mire maulā ne ḳhair kī

munshī ṣāḥib :: ḳhūb kahā hai -
ḳhāñ ṣāḥib :: achchhā mat̤laʿ kahā hai - magar yih " bhūl gayā " kyūñ ?
umrāʾo jān :: to kyā ḳhāñ ṣāḥib maiñ reḳhtī kahtī hūñ !
ḳhāñ ṣāḥib :: mazā to reḳhtī kā hai , " mire maulā ne ḳhair kī " āp hī kī zabān se achchhī maʿlūm hotā hai -
rusvā :: bas āp ke ḥamle shurūʿ ho gaʾe - le , shiʿr sunne dījiye - ḳhāñ ṣāḥib dunyā meñ agar sab āp hī ke se muḥaqqiq ho jāʾeñ to shiʿr-goʾī kā mazā tashrīf le jāʾe - har gule rā rang-o-bū-e dīgar ast -
ḳhāñ ṣāḥib :: ( kisī qadar bura tevaroñ se ) durust -

 
 

 
-- UMRAO JAN index page -- Platts Dictionary -- Glossary -- fwp's main page --
-- urdu script -- devanagari -- diacritics -- plain roman -- more information --