Ghazal 320x, Verse 5

{320x,5}

afsurdah-e tamkīñ hai nafas-garmī-e aḥbāb
phir shīshe se ʿit̤r-e sharar-e sang nikālūñ

1) dispirited/chilled with dignity/gravity is the breath-heat of the friends
2) again/then from the bottle I would bring out the 'attar' of a spark from a stone

Notes:

afsurdah : 'Frozen, frigid, benumbed; withered, faded; dispirited, dejected, low-spirited, melancholy'. (Platts p.62)

 

tamkīn : 'Gravity, dignity, majesty, grandeur, greatness, authority, power'. (Platts p.337)

 

aḥbāb : 'Friends, lovers; dear ones'. (Platts p.28)

 

ʿit̤r : 'Perfume, fragrance; essence; ottar (or otto) of roses, &c.'. (Platts p.762)

Zamin:

That is, dignity and self-regard have cooled the congeniality of the friends. In order to warm them up, I would bring out from the bottle, attar from the 'rose' of a spark. By 'bottle' is meant the lively/facetious temperament; and by the attar of the rose of a spark, 'hot' poetry/speech.

== Zamin, p. 253

Gyan Chand:

ʿit̤r-e sharar-e sang = the attar of fire-- that is, wine. Because of unmovingness, the motion of the friends' bodies has become cooled and dispirited/chilled. In order to awaken in their breath the heat of life, I would take out from the bottle the attar of fire and present it.

== Gyan Chand, p. 278

FWP:

SETS

For more on Ghalib's unpublished verses, see the discussion in {4,8x}. See also the overview index.

If you find the word nafas confusing, see {15,6}.

Zamin feels that the friends have grown pompous and turned into stuffed shirts; Gyan Chand feels that they've merely been sitting in one position for too long. Zamin's reading not only is more enjoyable, but also makes much better use of tamkīñ (see the definition above). We're offered the unusual sight of the lover solicitously seeking a cure for the ailment of his friends, rather than the other way around.

In actual fact, attar is made from flowers and herbs; especially famous is attar of roses. It is oil-based and intense, so that a small dab would be quite potent. A drop or two might conceivably be placed beneath someone's nose to create a sudden invigorating shock, the way smelling salts used to be used. Since a 'spark' is red like a rose, it might be taken as a drop of attar of roses.

But why should the spark come specifically from a stone? In the ghazal world, when rocks are struck, sparks emerge from their 'veins' the way drops of blood would emerge from human veins (on this see {20,6}). So the spark is red not only like a rose, but also like a blood-drop. And since stones are also thrown by boys at madmen (on this see {35,10}), creating (desirable) wounds, the sparks have a double resonance with blood-drops.

Note for grammar fans: In the first line the noun compound nafas-garmī seems technically to be a 'reversed iẓāfat '; on these see {129,6x}.

 

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